A UAV SUPPORTED EVALUATION OF THE COMPLEX KINEMATIC FAILURES FOR THE DISCONTINUOUS ROCK MASSES OF MUDURNU VALLEY

Mudurnu County, which is settled in a steep valley is affected from regional rock instabilities. Discontinuous limestones located at the west side of the Mudurnu valley are susceptible to complex kinematic failures resulting from the combination of kinematic failure (i.e., planar, wedge, toppling). These instabilities tend to create important hazard zones in and around the settlement area and generate regional risk. The purpose of this study is to define the possible modes of failure for discontinuous limestone along the valley. Many problematic locations are inaccessible due to the wide and steep nature of the region. In order to overcome this problem and to cover a larger area, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have been used. Then, the collected digital images have been compared with the information gained by the field studies (i.e., rock mass characterization) in order to define the mode of failure and zones along the valley. Finally, the west side of the valley has been examined entirely and remediation measurement studies after zonation have been implemented.